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Historical Event(s)
– Partitions of Poland: The Duchy of Courland, a northern fief of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ceases to exist and becomes part of Imperial Russia.
– First Battle of Groix otherwise known as “Cornwallis’ Retreat”.
– The first occupation by United Kingdom of Cape Colony, South Africa with the Battle of Hout Bay, after successive victories at the Battle of Muizenberg and Wynberg, after William V requested protection against revolutionary France’s occupation of the Netherlands.
– Belgium is conquered by France.
– General Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence being named to defend the French National Convention against armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the three year old revolutionary government.
– Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence with a “Whiff of Grapeshot”, using cannon to suppress armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the French Legislature (National Convention).
– Partitions of Poland: The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is completely divided among Austria, Prussia, and Russia
– The French Directory, a five-man revolutionary government, is created.
– The United States and Spain sign the Treaty of Madrid, which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and the U.S.
– Partitions of Poland: Stanislaus August Poniatowski, the last king of independent Poland, is forced to abdicate and is exiled to Russia.
Who Were Born On ?
– Anna Pavlovna of Russia, queen of The Netherlands (d. 1865)
– Antonio José de Sucre, South American independence leader (d. 1830)
– Ary Scheffer, French painter (d. 1858)
– Georg Heinrich Pertz, German historian (d. 1876)
– Gérard Paul Deshayes, French geologist (d. 1875)
– John Marston, Served in the Union Navy during the Civil War
– James Braid, Scottish surgeon and pioneer of Hypnotherapy (d.1860)
– Alexander Keith, Scottish-born Canadian brewer (d. 1873)
– Nikolaos Mantzaros, Greek composer (d. 1872)
– Leopold von Ranke, German historian (d. 1886)