1854 Calendar
A year scroll with Latin text from “The Extremes of Good and Evil” by Cicero, written in 45 BC.

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Historical Event(s)

– The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin.
– Crimean War: The United Kingdom declares war on Russia.
– Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Treaty of Kanagawa with the Japanese government, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade.
– The Kansas-Nebraska Act becomes law establishing the US territories of Nebraska and Kansas.
– In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the United States Republican Party is held.
– The Hinomaru is established as the official flag to be flown from Japanese ships.
– The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American system of watch manufacturing.
– The Battle of Balaklava during the Crimean War (Charge of the Light Brigade).
– Crimean War: The Battle of Inkerman.
– In his Apostolic constitution Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX proclaims the dogmatic definition of Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Virgin Mary was born free of original sin.

Who Were Born On ?

– Sir James George Frazer, Scottish anthropologist (d. 1941)
– Tommaso Alberto Vittorio of Savoy-Genoa, Italian prince (d. 1931)
– John Lane, British publisher (d. 1925)
– Ioannis Psycharis, Greek author and linguist (d. 1929)
– Bernard Zweers, Dutch composer and music teacher (d. 1924)
– Victor Babeş, Romanian bacteriologist (d. 1926)
– Billy Murdoch, Australian cricketer (d. 1911)
– Sir William Smith, Scottish founder of the Boys’ Brigade (d. 1914)
– Paul Sabatier, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)