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Historical Event(s)
– Queen Victoria institutes the Victoria Cross.
– The colonial Tasmanian Parliament passes the second piece of legislation (the Electoral Act of 1856) anywhere in the world providing for elections by way of a secret ballot.
– The Republican Party opens its first national meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
– The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Crimean War.
– Battle of Rivas: Juan Santamaria burns down the hostel where William Walker’s filibusters are holed up.
– Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina beats Senator Charles Sumner with a cane in the hall of the United States Senate for a speech Sumner had made attacking Southerners who sympathized with the pro-slavery violence in Kansas (“Bleeding Kansas”).
– The Great Train Wreck of 1856 in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, kills over 60 people.
– The Tianjing Incident takes place in Nanjing, China.
– Scenes of Clerical Life, the first work of fiction by the author later known as George Eliot, is submitted for publication.
– The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg’s unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
Who Were Born On ?
– Giuseppe Martucci, Italian composer (d. 1909)
– Daniel Hale Williams, African-American surgeon (d. 1931)
– Booker T. Washington, American educator (d. 1915)
– Sigmund Freud, Austrian psychiatrist (d. 1939)
– Matthias Zurbriggen, Swiss mountaineer and guide (d. 1917)
– Diamond Jim Brady, American financier (d. 1917)
– Jakub Bart-Ćišinski, Sorbian writer (d. 1909)
– Thomas E. Watson, American politician, Vice-Presidential candidate (d. 1922)
– Dragutin Gorjanovic-Kramberger, Croatian paleontologist (d. 1936)
– Svetozar Boroević, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d. 1920)